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08709_Field_TCGG T474.txt
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1996-04-10
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of the passive role of consumer of uniformly packaged learning.
In fact, Dewey in reacting against passive print culture was
surfboarding along on the new electronic wave. That wave has
now rolled right over this age. In the sixteenth century the
great figure in educational reform was Petrus Ramus (1515­
l572), a Frenchman who rode the Gutenberg wave. Walter Ong
has finally given us adequate studies of Ramus, placing him in
relation to the later scholasticism from which he came and in
relation to the new print-oriented classrooms for which he
devised his visual programs. The printed book was a new visual
aid available to all students and it rendered the older education
obsolete. The book was literally a teaching machine where the
manuscript was a crude teaching tool only.
Had any of our current testers of media and various
educational aids been available to the harassed sixteenth